Improvement in cooking-stoves



E. J. CRIDGE.

Cooking Stove.

Patented May "6, .1862.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

EDMUND J. CRIDGE, OF TROY, NEIV YORK.

IMPROVEMENT IN COOKlNG-STOVES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 35,141, dated May 6,1862.

To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, EDMUND J. CRIDGE, of the city of Troy, in the countyof Rensselaer and State of New York, have invented a new and usefulImproved CookingStove; and I do hereby declare that the following is afull and exact description of my said invention, reference being had tothe annexed drawings, in which- Figure 1 is an isometriealrepresentation of one of my improved stoves shown with portions of theupper part and one side of the stove broken off. Fig. 2 is a centralvertical section of the same stove from front to rear. Fig. 3 is a topview of a horizontal section of the same stove at the line .2 2 in Fig.2. Fig. 4 is a vertical section of the stove at the line y y in Fig. 3,and Fig. 5 is a front view of a vertical section of the stove at theline a: .r in Figs. 2 and 3.

The same letters refer to like parts in all the figures.

111 the annexed drawings, A is the fire-box, with a grate, b, in itsbottom over an air-supplying ash-chamber, c.

D is the oven, arranged directly back of the said firebox andaslrchamber.

E E E are smoke or gas fines extended from the top of the fire-box,first over the top of the oven and from there along the back and bottomplates, f g, of the oven to the exit passage 71.

I J, Fig. 2, is an air-space extended continuously along the frontplate, 7.", and top plate, Z, of the oventhat is, between those platesand the back plate or back plates, m m, of the fire-box and ash-chamber,and bottom plate, or, of the upper fire-flue, E. The continuousair-space I J has communication with the oven D through an opening oropenings, 0, Figs. 2 and 3, at or near the rear upper corner of theoven, and also by an aperture or apertures, 19, Figs. 2 and 5, at ornear the lower front corner of the oven. The continuous air-space I Jalso has communication with the interior of the fire-chamber A byapertures q, Figs. 2, 1, 3, and 4:, leading from the upper part of thefront portion of the said air-space into the rear part of and above theplace for the fuel in the said fire-chamber. The hot-air space I J alsohas communication with the open air by suitable apertures or passages, r2-, Figs. 1 and 4., terminating in or leading into the ends 8 8, Figs.1, 3, and 5, of the forward upright portion, I, of the said hot-airspace; and I generally prefer to have these air-passages r21 extendedalong the ends 15 t and front side, n, of the fire-box A, and incommunication with the interior of the latter by apertures v above thetop of the fuel in the fire-box, substantially as indicated by Figs. 1,2, 3, and 4..

\V is a damper, which can be set, as shown in full lines in Fig. 2, soas to make the gas and smoke of combustion pass through the fines E andE along the back and bottom of the oven, in moving from the topfire-flue, E, to the exit-opening 71.; and the damper \V can also beset, as indicated in dotted lines in Fig. 2, so as to allow the smokeand gas of combustion to pass directly to the exit-aperture h from theflue E without geing through the fines E E, which latter will then be asdead-air. spaces communicating with fine E.

I am aware that it is not new to make a cooking-stove with afire-chamber, A, grate Z), ash-box c, oven D, fire-flues E E E", anddamper IV all arranged together, substantially as above specified, andshown by the annexed drawings; and that it is not new to have such astove made with an air-space located between the front of the oven andthe back of the ash-box and fire-chamber, and communicating by aperturesat its ends with the open air, and byan opening or openings at itsbottom with the lower front corner of the interior of the oven; and alsomade with another airspace arranged between the top of the oven and thefire-flue over the oven, and in communication by apertures at its rearend with the back upper corner of the interior of the oven, and byapertures at its front end with the interior of the firechamber abovethefuel therein, all as shouul in G. G. lVolfes United States LettersPatent No. 30,514, A. D. 1860; but there is an essential diiferencebetween my improved stove (shown by the annexed drawings) and the stoveshown in the said patent of \Volfe. For in that case of Volfe theair-space 011 the front side of the oven is entirely separated at itsupper end by a partition from the front end of the air-space on top ofthe oven, so that however variably the front, top, back, and bottomplates of the oven may be heated in respect to each. other by thefire-chamber and smoke-fines the air in the space in front of the ovencan only pass into the lower front part of the oven, and from the backupper corner of the oven into the hotair space on top of the oven, andfrom that latter air-space into the fire-chamber above the fuel.that is,in the opposite direction to that shown by the arrows w in the oven D inFig. 2 of the annexed drawings; but in my improved stove (shown by theannexed drawings) it is absolutely essential that the horizontalair-space J on top of the oven should be at its front end in directcommunication with or form a continuation of the upright air-space I infront of the oven, so that there can be a free circulation ofhighly-heated air through the continuous air-space I J and the oven D,either in the direction indicated by the arrows w in the oven in Figs. 1and 2, or in the opposite direction, according as such change in thedirection of the current of heated air through the oven and air-space IJ may be induced and become necessary to most completely equalize theheat in all parts of the oven, when the front, back, and bottom platesof the oven are variously heated in respect to each other and to the topplate of the oven, as the smoke and gases of combustion aremade to passthrough all the flues E, E, and E, or only through the top flue, E, andas more or less heat is conducted to and radiated against the plates m min front of the oven from the back and bottom of the fire- 7 box.

I am also aware that it is not new to make a cooking-stove with ahot-air space extended continuously over the top and more or less alongthe front side of the oven and next to the fire-box and ash-chamber, andwith the said hot-air space either in communication with the open air,the oven, and the smoke-fines to merely ventilate and heat the oven, orin communication with the interior of the firechamber above the fueltherein, and with an oven having communication with the open air, topromote the combustion of the gases of combustion evolved from theburning fuel, and to ventilate and in a measure equalize the heat withinthe oven by a current of air always passing in one and the samedirection through the oven and the said hot-air space, examples beingshown in Nos. 28,482, 28,081, 24,7 91, 20,430, and 10,716 of UnitedStates Letters Patent, and I do not claim any such construction; but Ido believe that I first invented a cooking-stove with the air-space I J,oven D, fire-chamber A, draft-chamber C, fire-flues E E E, damper W, andapertures or air-passages 0, p, q, and 'r, all arranged together in theparticular manner hereinbefore specified, and shown by the drawingshereunto annexed.

The partitions or deflecting-plates d d, Figs. 1 and 5, are arranged inthe upright portion I of the continuous air-space I J, and extended fromthe end plates, 0 c, at places below where the fresh air enters the ends8 s of that air-space inward and upward to or toward the horizontalair-space J over the oven, in order to insure the passage of thecomparatively-cool air which enters the ends of the space I upward,toward, or into the horizontal air-space J, and thereby cause thenewly-admitted air to become more highly heated before it can circulatethrough the hot-air fiuesI J and oven D in either direction.

What I claim as new and of my invention in the above-described improvedcookingstove, shownby the annexed drawings, and desire to secure byLetters Patent, is'

1. The arrangement of the apertures or airpassages r, 0, p, and q, incombination with the continuous air-space I J, oven D, firechamber A,draft-chamber O, and fire-fines E E E, provided with a valve or damper,W, as herein specified, and shown by the drawings hereunto annexed.

2. The arrangement of the deflecting-plates d d in the upright portionof the continuous air-space I J, arranged with the oven D, firechamberA, and fire-flues E E E, and having communication with the open air, theoven, and the fire-chamber above the fuel by the apertures orair-passages r, 0,19, and q, respectively, as and for the purpose hereinshown and specified.

EDMUND J. OBIDGE.

Witnesses:

JONAS MULLENs, JOHN EATON.

